Where Place Names Come From .

The table below shows the historical influence of various languages in names of places and their derivations for the British Isles.

 

Source	Language	Meaning	Modern Forms
ac	Anglo-Saxon	oak	Ac-, Oak-, -ock
baile	Gaelic	farm, village	Bally-, Bal-
bearu	Anglo-Saxon	grove, wood	Barrow-, -ber
beorg	Anglo-Saxon	burial mound	Bar-, -borough
brycg	Anglo-Saxon	bridge	Brig-, -bridge
burh	Anglo-Saxon	fortified place	Bur-, -bury
burna	Anglo-Saxon	stream, spring	Bourn-, -burn(e)
by	Old Norse	farm, village	-by
caer	Welsh	fortified place	Car-
ceaster	Latin	fort, Roman town	Chester-, -caster
cot	Anglo-Saxon	shelter, cottage	-cot(e)
cwm	Welsh	deep valley	-combe
daire	Gaelic	oak wood	-dare, -derry
dalr	Old Norse	valley	Dal-, -dale
denn	Anglo-Saxon	swine pasture	-dean, -den
dun	Anglo-Saxon	hill, down	Dun-, -down, -ton
ea	Anglo-Saxon	water, river	Ya-, Ea-, -ey
eg	Anglo-Saxon	island	Ey-
ey	Old Norse	island	-ey, -ay
gleann	Gaelic	narrow valley	Glen-
graf	Anglo-Saxon	grove	-grave, -grove
ham	Anglo-Saxon	homestead, village	Ham-, -ham
hyrst	Anglo-Saxon	wooded hill	Hurst-, -hirst
-ing	Anglo-Saxon	place of ...	-ing
leah	Anglo-Saxon	glade, clearing	Leigh-, Lee-, -ley
loch	Gaelic	lake	Loch-, -loch
mere	Anglo-Saxon	lake, pool	Mer-, Mar-, -mere, -more
nes	Old Norse	cape	-ness
pwll	Welsh	anchorage, pool	-pool
rhos	Welsh	moorland	Ros(s)-, -rose
stan	Anglo-Saxon	stone	Stan-, -stone
stede	Anglo-Saxon	place, site	-ste(a)d
stoc	Anglo-Saxon	meeting place	Stoke-, -stock
stow	Anglo-Saxon	meeting place	Stow-, -stow(e)
straet	Latin	Roman road	Strat-, Stret-, -street
tun	Anglo-Saxon	enclosure, village	Ton-, -town, -ton
thorp	Old Norse	farm, village	Thorp-, -thorp(e)
thveit	Old Norse	glade, clearing	-thwaite
wic	Anglo-Saxon	dwelling, farm	-wick, -wich

 

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