Explain me please when we use -ra - re suffixes in Hungarian?
Hi Julia! "-ra" is usually used after words that contain only "a, á", "o, ó", "u, ú", while most words containing only "e, é", "i, í", "ö, ő", "ü, ű" get the "-re" suffix.
asztal --> asztalra
fa --> fára
doboz --> dobozra
kenyér --> kenyérre
szék --> székre
könyv --> könyvre
A few exceptions:
férfi --> férfira (although some people say "-re"; but the rule still applies)
cél --> célra
híd --> hídra
If the word contains both types of vowels, but ends with "a, á", "o, ó", "u. ú", the "-ra" suffix is correct:
csillag --> csillagra
telefon --> telefonra
If the word ends with "i" or "é", the "-ra" suffix is correct.
április --> áprilisra
papír --> papírra
If the word ends with "ö, ő", "ü, ű", the "-re" suffix is correct:
sofőr --> sofőrre
betű --> betűre
If the last vowel is "e", both "-ra" and "-re" can be used.
balett --> balettra / balettre
Hope this helps.
Hi! Yes, you can use the rules (taking into consideration the exceptions), but I suggest you write sample sentences rather than just memorizing them, it's much more effective and also more fun.
Néhány példa / Some examples:
Szükségem van kenyérre.
A gyerekek fára másznak.
A tanuláshoz szükséged van egy könyvre.
Anna az asztalra ült.
Néhány kivétel / Some exceptions:
A személyleírás tökéletesen illett a gyanúsított férfira.
A célra figyelj.
Péter felmászott a hídra.
Vegyes hangrendű szavak:
Letöltöttem néhány csengőhangot a telefonomra.
Áprilisban van a születésnapja.
Papírra vetettem a gondolataimat.
A sofőrre bízta az autót.
Kiskoromban balettre / balettórákra jártam.
Note: although in the case of the word having "e" as its last vowel, both "-ra" and "-re" can be used, some suffixated words sound strange. For example "pókerra", "kóklerra" sounds really strange for me, although these forms are grammatically correct. Maybe because the "-re" suffix is more common in this case.
If you have any further questions, feel free to ask, I would be glad to help you.
Big thank you! As i understand, i can use this rule for all suffixes?
And could you say please when we use it in the sentences? In which situations? I saw the rule that we use it when we have question "Where?" (for whom?) and also we use it with szükségem.