About of-phrase

"的" of Chinese phrase is not always interchangable with the "of" of English phrase.

Especially in a phrase "Noun" + "的”＋"Noun”, "Noun(people)" + "的”  could work as an adjective. 

Like : 四川的菜  Sichuan food or 中国的朋友 Chinese Friend

In the case above, you do not add "of".

Also, in a phrase like "Noun(人)" + "的”＋"Noun(东西)” , "的” indicates the owner of the goods, So you would use "Noun(人)'s" in English.

Like : 汤姆的书 Tom's book or 姐姐的生日 Sister's birthday

About of-phrase

I want to make some phrases by "of" and I dont know whether it is correct or not for mother-language people. If it wrong, please let me know. Thank you very much!

1.那个时代的人
The people of that era
2.中国的朋友
Friend of China Chinese Friend
3.出差的科长
The section chief on business
4.汤姆的书
The book of Tom Tom's book
5.小狗的鞋子
The shoes of the dog The dog shoes
6.今天的报纸
The newspaper of today (or Today's news paper)
7.四川的菜
The food of Sichuan Sichuan food
8.着火的房子
The house of burning The burning house
9.姐姐的生日
The birthday of a sister Sister's birthday
10.电脑的今天
The computer of today
11.去年的今天
Today of last year
12.八王子的今天
Today in Hatiouji
13.死亡的时候
The time of death
14.花子的学校
The school of Hanako (or Hanako's school)
15.蜗牛的家
The house of snail   A snail shell
16.现在的东京
Tokyo in nowadays Today's Tokyo or Tokyo in these days
17.北野的公园
The park in Kitano
18.比赛的会场
The venue for the competition
19.主妇的调查
The investigation of housewife
20.火山的喷火
The eruption of volcano
21.下月的旅行
Travelling in next month
22.韩国的选举
The election of Korea
23.失败的调查
The investigation of failing (or investigation into the failure)
24.医生的父亲
The father of doctor
25.英语老师
The teacher of English (or The English teacher)

Please do not think about its meaning, I just want to use prep "of" to make it. I dont know whether it can be said or not and I also dont know whether I make a correct of-phrase.