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Perception of the Totalitarian Past amongst modern senior pupils in the Russian Federation and Germany.

In the histories of the both countries – Germany and Russia – there exists a period of the totalitarian regime. However, in each case the authorities’ and societies’ attitudes towards the totalitarian past vary. With the passage of time / Over the course of time, the German government acknowledged the mistakes of their predecessors [possibly, acknowledged the mistakes in the conduct of...], while in Russia [however, in Russia,] questions concerning the experience of the totalitarian past did not receive a strong public response [possibly, did not enter public consciousness as strongly] and, consequently, to this day remain open.

Totalitarianism is an important phenomenon both for the past of our countries, and for the present, because the past often has the ability to influence the present; to determine the peculiarities of the modern political development. In addition to a common understanding of the phenomenon of totalitarianism, it is very important to analyze the concrete, modern manifestations of perceptions, among citizens of formerly totalitarian countries, of this chapter in the history of their Motherland. 

Global conclusions are impossible without carrying out concrete [perhaps, empirical] studies. This paper reflects the results of a detailed pilot study, and is an attempt to develop a broad understanding of the issues concerning the question of whether the vast range of measures, comprising the policy of “the struggle to come to terms with the past,” helped Germany to "overcome” its totalitarian heritage, and whether there are problems in modern Russia with the perception of the totalitarian past.

In our research we consider the problem of perceptions of the totalitarian past in reference to two groups of young people: Russian and German pupils of the senior classes of Humanitarian Gymnasia. In Russia there is no significant difference between school types with regard to the future prospects in education. In Germany, however / conversely, the difference between school types is very important: only the pupils from Gymnasia have any opportunity of direct admission to University. In this research we are examining German and Russian humanitarian Gymnasia, because it is assumed that pupils from this school type are better informed(versed)in the matters of history and world politics and represent, in a certain sense, the perfect product of political socialization of youth in Germany and Russia and thus are the most relevant respondents.