Help with Arabic grammar

Don't worry, these patterns (فَعَّلَ - تَفاعَلَ - اِسْتَفْعَلَ ...) help you to indentify the root of the verb which is consisted of 3 letters.

But you have to know that each verb has its own meaning.

Think about it as a phrasal verb : let's take فَعَلَ as "to look" for example,

and let's say that اِسْتَفْعَلَ  which is the 10th group is "to look for" 

you can notive that فعل and استفعل have 3 letters in common (ف, ع, ل)

This pattern فَعَلَ called the basic pattern, and the other groups are built from this pattern, but they have different meaning, same with "to look" and "to look for", the last one is very different from the first one, it means "to search" but it's built from "to look" base.

So, what you have to learn is فَعَلَ is the basic verb, and the others are built from this pattern, this will help identifying the root like i said.

example : اِسْتَخْرَجَ follows the pattern اِسْتَفْعَلَ, so here we have ف = خ, ع = ر , ل = ج 

and you get your root (خ,ر,ج)

خَرَجَ = to go out

اِسْتَخْرَجَ = to take out 

I hope this explanation helped you understanding the patterns.