let me tell you something.

浪 has three meanings. (I know you was trying to write 很凉)

1) wave. for examle, 海浪、浪花 ------- this is its original meaning.

2) slut / bitch. Anyway, it means a girl / woman is slut or is a bitch, she wants to be f**ked.......

Here u said: 最近很浪. We could say that u omit the subject "我" so you want to say: 我最近很浪.......................................wow............lol..........

3) do something dangerous.

for example, you always drive too fast. Your friend says: 你别这么浪，小心交通事故。

another example, it becomes cold but u still wear summer-clothes. Your friend says: 你这么浪，小心感冒。

in fact, the third meaning comes from the second one.

你别这么浪，小心感冒: don't be such a bitch, you will be cold.

Anyway, this word can be used ONLY among good friends.

医生说我着凉了

今天早上我起床（后）感觉有点不舒服，一直打喷嚏，流鼻涕，另外咳嗽。我决定请假，紧急赶紧去医院，医生说我着凉了，得了感冒。最近很浪凉，我穿衣服不够，医生说千万不要忽视自己的健康。他给我开了治感冒的药。虽然我吃了药，但是仍然不舒服，看起来感冒很严重。下次我肯定一定要注意气候变化和穿多点衣服。

紧急 is an adjective. exmaple: 这件事情很紧急/紧急的状况

赶紧 is an adverb. example: 赶紧出门，时间来不及了

肯定 means for sure of some thing

一定 means must do some thing

your Chinese sounds good. hope my tips can do some help for you.

医生说我着凉

今天早上我起床时感觉有点不舒服，一直打喷嚏，流鼻涕，另外还有咳嗽。所以我决定请假，紧急去医院 (所以我赶紧请了个假，去了一趟医院)，医生说我着凉，得了感冒了。最近很天气浪冷，我穿衣服穿不够多，医生说千万不要忽视自己的健康。(所以)他给我开了治感冒的药。虽然我已经吃药，但是仍然不舒服，看起来感冒很严重。下次我肯定要注意气候变化和穿多点衣服(多穿点衣服)。

括號指的是這樣寫也可以，基本上沒什麼大問題，繼續加油:)
 The text in the parentheses is the same meaning as your sentence. And you can write it in that way. Basically, there is no big problem in your article. Good for you.