H. 그는 고장 난 컴퓨터를 수리했어요 = He repaired the broken computer 

I. 이 소파는 아주 "편"해요 = This sofa is very "comfortable"

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H.

고장 -

고장나다 -

고장난 -

부서지다 -

부서진 -

수리하다 -

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편하다 - to be comfortable, to be relaxed/relaxing (descriptive verb)

편 - yes, it can mean side. But that is clearly not the meaning as used here^^ It doesn't exactly mean anything. It comes from the Chinese word for "convenient"

위로 -  consolation, comfort (as in something is comforting not comfortable) (noun)

위로의 말
words of comfort
위로를 받다
be consoled
서로 위로하다
comfort each other

병고를 위로하다
console 《a person》 in his pain of illness
불행을 위로하다
console[solace] 《a person》 in his misfortune
원혼을 위로하다
solace[appease] the vindictive spirits (under the earth)

안락 - comfort

안락하다 - to be comfortable (descriptive verb) (the difference is in its use - it's far less commonly used than 편하다 아니면 편안하다)

안락한 생활
an easy[carefree] life
안락하게 살다
live in (ease and) comfort
안락하게 지내다
live in comfort[easy circumstances]
안락한 가정을 이루다
have a loving family
안락한 삶을 추구하다
pursue a comfortable life
노후를 안락하게 지내다
live comfortably in one's old age
평화롭고 안락한 분위기
an atmosphere of calm and restfulness
안락한 노후 생활을 즐기다
enjoy a life of ease[comfortable life] in one's old age

편안하다 - (synonym of 편하다; basically the same meaning. The 안 part comes from the Chinese word for "relaxed, calm, still, quiet, secure". So you could say that perhaps it's a bit more comfortable and cozy. It means "comfortable and without worries".)

The parts in red aren't actually words. They are parts of words.

히 is an adverbial ending that is actually part of 완전히. You could equate it to the suffix "-ly" in English, which is clearly not an individual word.

완전 - complete, full (noun)

완전히 - completely, fully (adverb)

지 is part of the particle 까지, meaning "until (a time)"

지금까지 - until now

나 is part of the grammar V+거나, meaning "or"

아침에 빵을 먹거나 우유를 마셔요 - In the morning, I (either) eat bread or drink milk.

H.

고장 - trouble (with x), breakdown (in x), failure (in x) (noun)

컴퓨터 시스템의 고장
failure in the computer system

고장나다 - to breakdown (to be broken down), to stop working (to have stopped working) (descriptive verb)

내 똥차가 또 고장났어.

My stupid car broke down again. (is broken down)

고장난 - (noun-modifying form of 고장나다 aka adjective form)

고장난 컴퓨터 - broken down computer, computer that has stopped working, "in-need-of-repairs" computer :D

부서지다 - to be broken (to pieces), to be shattered, to be smashed (into pieces), to be destroyed (this evokes a much more disastrous or violent image) (descriptive verb)

부서진 - (noun-modifying form of 부서진 aka adjective form)

수리 - repair(s) (noun)

수리하다 - to repair, to mend, to fix (action verb)

C. 집 값은 비싸지고 있어 = House prices are getting expensive 

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C.

비싸다 - to be expensive (descriptive verb). This follows a noun to mean "x is/are expensive".

집 값이 비싸다 - House prices are expensive.

A+아/어/여지다: GRAMMAR - expresses a change in state over time and means "become" or "turn" in English.

풍선이 커졌어요 - The balloon became bigger.

V+고 있다: GRAMMAR - expresses the progression or continuation of an action and corresponds to "is/are Ving" in English. To express the continuation of an action that occurred sometime in the past, V+고 있었다 is used. (present progressive tense)

서울에서 살고 있어요 - (I) am living in Seoul.

V+고 있다 can be used with an adjective only if 아/어/여지 is added to it. 

집 값은 비싸지고 있어요 - House prices are getting/becoming expensive.

E. 저는 새로운 차를 샀어요 = I bought a new car 

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E.

새롭다 - to be new, fresh, original (descriptive verb). It is an irregular ㅂ verb, meaning ㅂ changes to 우. This is used as "x is/are new/fresh/original".

새로운 - new, fresh, original (noun modifying form aka adjective form). This is used as "new/fresh/original x".

새로운 소식 - breaking news (original, fresh, new news!)

Although it's most commonly translated as "new", it's a "fresh" feeling of new.

새 - new (adverb)

새 차를 구입하다 - to purchase a new car

새 친구를 사귀다 - to make new friends

It has a brand-new feeling.

새로(이) - newly, anew, afresh (adverb)

새로 일을 시작하다 - to start a new job, to begin a job afresh

우리는 모든 것을 새로 구입해야 돼요 - We have to buy everything anew.

As you can see, there is a slight difference between the three, but nothing too major (mostly slight nuances in meaning or how new). Don't stress, just read and listen :)

Actually, we have the same idea in English, just not separate words for each concept.

For example, my mother recently bought a brand-new, fresh-off-the-lot car (model year 2015). As a result, I received her old car. I would say that I got a new car (not a brand new or a new new car, but a <em>new-to-me car</em>).

http://www.italki.com/question/222839

http://www.italki.com/question/263269

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