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V: Sleep

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G: Dormir

dormir | to sleep ||| sleep | sleeps | dors | door | dors | door | dort | door | dormons | doormoh | dormez | doormay | dorment | dorm | pp = dormi

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V: Waking up and Getting Yourself Ready

• se lever: to get up
• se laver: to wash (oneself)
• se raser : to shave
• se doucher: to shower
• se baigner: to bathe (oneself)
• se brosser les cheveux/les dents: to brush one's hair/teeth
• se peigner les cheveux: to comb one's hair
• s'habiller: to dress (oneself)

If the subject is performing the action on him or herself, the verbs are reflexive. However, if the subject were to act on someone else, the verb is no longer reflexive; instead the reflexive pronoun becomes a direct object.

• Je m'habille: I get (myself) dressed.
• Je t'habille: I get you dressed.

In the passé composé, the participle must agree in gender and number with the subject.

• Pierre s'est habillé.
• Alice s'est habillée.
• Georges et Martin se sont habillés.
• Lisette et Rose se sont habillées.
• Marc et Claire se sont habillés.
• Je m'appelle Lucie, et je me suis levée à six heures.
• Jean et Paul, vous vous êtes levés assez tard.

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G: Pronominal Verbs

Pronominal verbs are verbs that, put simply, include pronouns. These pronouns are me, te, se, nous, and vous and are used as either direct objects or indirect objects, depending on the verb that they modify. There are three types of pronominal verbs: reflexive verbs, reciprocal verbs, and naturally pronominal verbs.

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Reflexive Verbs

Reflexive verbs reflect the action on the subject.

• Je me lave. - I wash myself.
• Nous nous lavons. - We wash ourselves.
• Ils se lavent. - They wash themselves.

Reflexive verbs can also be used as infinitives.

• Je vais me laver. - I'm going to wash myself.
• Je ne vais pas me laver. - I'm going to not wash myself.

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Reciprocal Verbs

With reciprocal verbs, people perform actions to each other.

• Nous nous aimons. - We like each other.

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Naturally Pronominal Verbs

Some verbs are pronominal without performing a reflexive or reciprocal action. Tu te souviens? - You remember?

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V: Going to Work

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V: At Work

travailler: to work

travailler pour: to work for (somebody)

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G: Devoir

devoir|to have to, to owe>

past participle: dû
Singular			Plural
first person	je dois	jeuh dwah	I have to	nous devons	noo dehvohn	we have to
second person	tu dois	too dwah	you have to	vous devez	voo dehvay	you have to
third person	il doit	eel dwah	he has to	ils doivent	eel dwahve	they have to (masc. or mixed)
	elle doit	ell dwah	she has to
	on doit	ohn dwah	one has to	elles doivent	ell dwahve	they have to (fem.)

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G: Falloir

• falloir - to be necessary
• il faut - it is necessary
• il a fallu - it was necessary (passé composé)
• il fallait - it was necessary (imparfait)
• il faudra - it will be necessary
• il faudrait - it would be necessary

The verb falloir differs from similar verbs such as avoir besoin de faire quelque chose (to need to do something) and devoir (must, duty, owe). Falloir is always used with the impersonal il only in the 3rd person singular, whereas devoir can be used with all subject pronouns in all tenses.

Falloir expresses general necessities, such as "To live, one must eat" or "To speak French well, one must conjugate verbs correctly."

Devoir expresses more personally what someone must do; "I want to pass my French test, so I must study verb conjugations."

Avoir besoin de faire quelque chose expresses need; "I need to study for my test, it's tomorrow" - "J'ai besoin d'etudier pour mon examen, il est demain."

For learning French Category Uncategorized Level Unspecified Second language English Created Apr 08, 2008 16:12 Views 895 Share:

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  surbhi 6 month(s) ago

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  c'est est bon lecon