Forming commands

How to make command form (명령형 命令形)of verbs
First, we must specify if we are speaking to someone who is older or highter position than us, or if is younger, to children we may use -라 form하라


음식을 먹으라!
eat your meal!


but when when are asking about something use 어/아 주다 form:
보여 주세요!


please show me!


주다 literally means "to give" so we can trlansate this as "show give me"


when we want to talk modestly about ourselves we use 드리다 word instead
책을 보여 드렸어요
I have shown the book.

For learning Korean Category Uncategorized Level Unspecified Second language English Created Apr 17, 2008 12:30 Views 1686 Share:

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  Nancy4366 6 month(s) ago

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  지 말다 (마세요)  Don’t
  -지 말다 (마세요) is the negative imperative sentence ending and can be translated as "don't..."  
  The verb말다means "to stop," "to discontinue," "to cease."
  It can also be used as a negative proposition.
  Proposition, in addition to tense, mood and politeness level, is in the verb 말다.
  Formation
  Verb Stem + 말다
  Example Sentences   
  1.Don’t do that
    하지 말라.        - don’t do
  하지 마       - intimate politeness level
    하지 마요       - standard politeness level
    하지 마세요       - standard politeness level (honorific)
    하지 마십시오    - formal politeness level
  그러지마  Don’t do that (casual)
  그러지마세요 (formal)
  그러지마  말자.  Let’s not do that.
  
  2. Don’t Cry.
  울지 마라       - don't cry (negative imperative)
     울지 마       - intimate politeness level
     울지 마요       - standard politeness level
     울지 마세요    - standard politeness level (honorific)
     울지 마십시오    - formal politeness level    
    울지 말자.   Let’s not cry.
  3. 웃다      - to laugh
    왜 웃어?            Why are you laughing?  (way oosah)
    왜 웃고 있어요?   Why are you laughing?
    Don’t laugh!
      웃지 말라.    - don't laugh (negative imperative)
      웃지 마       - intimate politeness level
      웃지 마요       - standard politeness level
      웃지 마세요    - standard politeness level (honorific)
      웃지 마십시오    - formal politeness level
  Example sentences
     울지 마세요!      Don’t cry.  
     가지 마세요       Don’t go!    
     가지 말아주세요. Please don’t go! (very formal)
     하지 마세요       Don’t do that!     
  Notes
  말다irregular ㄹ conjugation
  Colloquially, however, the irregular conjugation applies to 말다
  Traditional Conjugation:
  말아         - intimate politeness
  말아요      - standard politeness
  
  Colloquial Conjugation:
  마         - intimate politeness
  마요         - standard politeness
  
  Both the irregular conjugation and colloquial conjugation are acceptable in speech.
  
  
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  Nancy4366 6 month(s) ago

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  V+  (으)세요  Do the verb (command)
  
  
  
  Formation
  Drop the 다 and + 세요 (if verb stem ends in a vowel, and 으세요 if verb stem ends in  a consonant)
  To make negative (don’t) + 지 마세요 to the end of the verb stem
  bs + 으세요 ------------- no bs + 세요
  
  
  Examples
  읽으세요     Read!            가세요  Go!                            
  잡수세요       Eat!            주무세요        Go to bed!            
  (들어호다)           들어오세요.      Come in
  (앉다)         여기 앉으세요.   Sit here.
  (듣아)       아침 뉴스률 들으세요.   Listen to the morning news.
  (피우다)    담배를 피우지 마세요.  Don’t smoke.
  (먹다)      이 음식을 먹지 마세요.  Don’t eat this meal/food.
  ***special verb changes
  먹다/마시다 = 드시다 ………………….많이 드세요  Help yourself (eat a lot).
  있다                = 계시다………………….. 안녕 계세요 Goodbye
  자다                주무시다…………………안녕히 주무세요.  Goodnight  (sleep well)
  
  
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  Nancy4366 6 month(s) ago

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  This is not a command. > Speaking modestly about ourselves use 드리다
  책을 보여 드렸어요   I have shown the book.