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Medials

• ㅗㅏ becomes ㅘ
• ㅜㅓ becomes ㅝ

Edit

Finals

The sounds of some final consonants (받침, batchim) are different from their sounds as initials.

Only seven consonant sounds are found at the end of syllables.

In general, obstruents before nasals are assimilated to nasals, while keeping the same place of articulation as before:

• ㄱㄴ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㄱㅁ becomes ㅇㅁ
• ㅋㄴ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㅋㅁ becomes ㅇㅁ
• ㄷㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㄷㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅅㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅅㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅈㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅈㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅊㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅊㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅌㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅌㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅎㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅎㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
• ㅂㄴ becomes ㅁㄴ
• ㅂㅁ becomes ㅁㅁ
• ㅍㄴ becomes ㅁㄴ
• ㅍㅁ becomes ㅁㅁ

Some combinations involve aspiration:

• ㄱㅎ becomes ㅋ
• ㅎㄱ becomes ㅋ
• ㅎㄷ becomes ㅌ
• ㄷㅎ becomes ㅌ
• ㅂㅎ becomes ㅍ
• ㅎㅂ becomes ㅍ
• ㅈㅎ becomes ㅊ
• ㅎㅈ becomes ㅊ
• ㅎㅅ becomes ㅆ

Some combinations involve palatalization:

• ㄷ이 becomes 지
• ㅌ이 becomes 치

Some involve complex assimilation/alterations:

• ㄱㄹ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㄴㄹ becomes ㄹㄹ, or sometimes ㄴㄴ
• ㅁㄹ becomes ㅁㄴ
• ㅇㄹ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㅂㄹ becomes ㅁㄴ

받침 followed by ㅇ: replace ㅇ with 받침 (use second 받침 if there are two). Otherwise, 받침 followed by consonant:

• ㄱ, ㅋ: like ㄱ
• ㄴ: like ㄴ
• ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ: like ㄷ
• ㄹ: like /l/
• ㅁ: like ㅁ
• ㅂ, ㅍ: like ㅂ
• ㅇ: like /ng/