=Imperative=
Edit
Positive Imperative
EditEnglish
In English (and in Latin), the positive imperative is a command. For example:
- Do it!
- Stop, in the name of love!
- Take out the garbage!
EditLatin
In Latin, the verb is made into the imperative singular by dropping the
re from the end of the infinitive.
EditExamples:
Run, boy!
Curre, puer![In many cases, the vocative will be used with the imperative, unless the imperative is used in a conversation or at a reader, as in a letter or guide.] (from curro, currere; to run)
Go!
I! (from eo, ire; to go)
Seize the day!
Carpe diem! (from carpo, carpere; to pluck)
EditQuestions
Write out: - Love me, Octavia! (to love = amo, amare)
- Come to Rome! (to come = venio, venire; Rome = Roma, Romae, f.)
EditPlural
To form the plural imperative in Latin, add
-te to the end of the singular imperative. Use the plural imperative to issue a command to multiple people.
Go home, boys!
Ite domum, pueri.
Stay, all of you!
Manete, omnes!
EditExercises
Write out:
- Take them, men! (to take = adripio, adripere)
- Fear me, children! (to fear = timeo, timere; children = liberi)
EditNegative Imperative
EditEnglish
In English, we use the word "don't" for prohibitions, or negative imperatives. For example:
EditLatin
Similarly, in Latin the negative imperative is formed with two words, the imperative of
nolo, nolle and the infinitive.
Nolo by itself means "I do not want," but in its imperative it means "do not...!"
Nolle is irregular, and its imperative forms are
noli and
nolite.
EditExamples
Do not fear me!
Noli me timere!
Don't build the aqueduct there, soldiers!
Nolite aquaductum ibi aedificare, milites!
Don't wash the dog, boys!
Nolite, pueri, canem lavare!
EditExercises
Translate:
- Don't cry, daughter! (to cry = fleo, flere)
- Don't hurt me, friends! (to hurt = vulnero, vulnerare)
- Don't go into the water, boys!
- Don't hurt them, soldiers! (them = use eos, masculine accusative plural of is, ea, id)
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