Russian


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Prepositions

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Accusative

• про - on the topic of
• сквозь
• через - in, after, by

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Genitive

• без - without
• вне - outside of
• вместо - instead of
• вокруг, около - around
• до - until
• для - for
• из - of, outside of
• из-за - from behind
• из-под - from below
• кроме - except (for)
• мимо - past (movement)
• от - off, from
• после - after
• у - at, close to
• среди - among

много+Gpl несколько+Gpl мало+ Gpl | valign="top" |

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Dative

• к or ко - to, towards
• благодаря - thanks to

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Instrumental

• над - on top of
• перед - in front of
• между - in between
• c - with

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Prepositional

• при - in times of, in the presence of
• о or об - on the topic of
• Ha, B - in and on

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Prepositions with 2 cases

Like in German, some prepositions can have 2 cases. The accusative (again, like in German) and the genitive cases are used to express movement: accusative pertains to destination, while genitive indicates the source of movement. The instrumental and the Prepositional are used to express staticness.

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Accusative and Prepositional

• в or во - in, inside of
• на - on, on top of

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Accusative and instrumental

• за - behind, for
• под - under

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Genitive and instrumental

• с - of (G), with (I)

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Examples

Accusative: ;Книга упала на пол. :The book fell on the floor. ;За Родину! :For the Motherland!

Genitive: ;Четыре стула стóят вокруг стола. :Four chairs are standing around the table. ;Диван стоит у стéны. :The couch is standing against the wall. ;Он выходит из университéта. :He's coming out of the university. ;Bозвращáюсь с рабóты. :I'm coming back from work.

Dative: ;Ваза пододвинута к краю стола. :The vase is moved towards the edge of the table. ;Идý к роди́телям. :I'm going to my parents'.

Instrumental: ;Лампа висит под потолком. :The lamp hangs under the ceiling. ;Игорь идёт с другом. :Igor walks with a friend. ;Он стоит за дверью. :He's standing behind the door.

Prepositional: ;Стол и стулья стоят в центре комнаты. :The table and the chairs are in the middle of the room. ;Ваза стоит на столе. :The vase stands on the table. ;Книга и вещи лежат на столе. :The book and the things are lying on the table. ;Телевизор стоит на столике. :The television is on the small table. ;Картина висит на стене. :The painting hangs on the wall.

Note: using the preposition "в/во" when saying you're in a place, or going to a place, works in the majority of cases; however, some places require you to use "на" instead of "в/во".

For example: ;Pабóтаю в университéте. :I work at the university. but: ;Pабóтаю на факультéте (чего-нибудь). :I work at the faculty (of something).

Similarly: ;Идý в бюро. :I'm going to the office. but: ;Идý на работу. :I'm going to work.

And more. There is a limited number of those, but the use of "на" over that of "в/во" is mandatory in these cases.