Subjunctive v. Infinitive

(REPASE Y ESCRIBA: Curso avanzado de gramática y composición, María Canteli Dominicis y John F. Reynolds, 3.ª edición)

EXPRESSIONS OF EMOTION

The subjunctive is required in Spanish in a dependent clause when the verb in the main clause expresses feelings or emotion: regret, fear, pity, hope, surprise, etc.

If there is no change of subject the infinitive is used: Ex.:
- Espero poder quedarme uns días más. ('I hope I can stay a few more days.')
- Él siente mucho estar enfermo. ('He is very sorry that he is sick.')
- Me sorprende haber perdido la billetera. ('I am surprised that I have lost my wallet.')


  • In the SPOKEN language one **OCCASIONALLY** hears the subjunctive even when there is no change of subject.
Ex.:
- Yo siento que no haya podido asistir a las conferencias.


EXPRESSIONS OF UNCERTAINTY

The subjunctive is used in Spanish when the verb in the main clause expresses doubt, disbelief, uncertainty, or denial about the reality of the dependent clause.

When there is no change of subject, the infinitive is **GENERALLY** used:
Ex.:
- Dudábamos de poder llegar a tiempo. ('We doubted we could arrive on time.')
- No cree poder acompañarme al centro. ('He doesn't believe he can accompany me downtown.')
- No estoy segura de haber cerrado la puerta. ('I am not sure I {of having} closed the door.')
- La madre negaba haber roto la ventana. ('The mother denied she broke/having broken the window.')


In the SPOKEN language one **OCCASIONALLY** hears the subjunctive even when there is no change of subject. Ex.:
- Dudo que yo pueda ayudarte.


(El próximo paso: Gramática, Lecturas, Composición, Bárbara Mujica, 2.ª edición) [This author is very well known at the American university level for her literary textbook publications and has been influential in Spanish literature.]

EL INFINITIVO EN VEZ DEL SUBJUNTIVO

1. Nótese que se emplea el subjuntivo en la oración subordinada nominal cuando el sujeto es DIFERENTE del de la oración principal.
2. Cuando el sujeto de la oración subordinada es igual al de la oración principal, se usa el verbo en el infinitivo:
- Nosotros queremos tomar un taxi. ('We want to take a taxi.')
- Yo necesito arreglar el motor. ('I need to fix the motor.')
<*<- Ella no cree poder ayudar. ('She doesn't think she can help.')>*>

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