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Ne demek dir?
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There are some usages of dır / dir / dur / dür, and sometimes they become tır / tir / tur /tür according the the final letter of the word they come after.
* The most common usage is when completing a sentence which lacks the verb. As in your examples. "Bu kalem-dir" "O doktor-dur"---> if we just say "bu kalem" or "o doktor", they will be incomplete sentences. You can consider dir and dur as the verb TO BE (am, is are).
* When we are talking about facts. Example: The world is round ---> Dünya yuvarlaktır. >>> -tır is emphasizing the fact that the world is ROUND.
* When we are talking about possibilities. Examples: He is not answering the phone. Then, he mustn't be at home. -----> Telefona cevap vermiyor. O zaman, evde değildir.
- The doorbell is ringing. - Oh, it may be cargo. ----> Kapı zili çalıyor. Oh, kargodur.
- I guess you know this. ----> Bunu biliyorsundur, herhalde.
--- When do we use tır / tir / tur /tür? When the word ends with one of those letter: f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p.
Examples:
- This is a book. ---> Bu bir kitaptır.
- This is a tree. ----> Bu bir ağaçtır.
- Jack is very honest. ---> Jack çok dürüsttür.
* The most common usage is when completing a sentence which lacks the verb. As in your examples. "Bu kalem-dir" "O doktor-dur"---> if we just say "bu kalem" or "o doktor", they will be incomplete sentences. You can consider dir and dur as the verb TO BE (am, is are).
* When we are talking about facts. Example: The world is round ---> Dünya yuvarlaktır. >>> -tır is emphasizing the fact that the world is ROUND.
* When we are talking about possibilities. Examples: He is not answering the phone. Then, he mustn't be at home. -----> Telefona cevap vermiyor. O zaman, evde değildir.
- The doorbell is ringing. - Oh, it may be cargo. ----> Kapı zili çalıyor. Oh, kargodur.
- I guess you know this. ----> Bunu biliyorsundur, herhalde.
--- When do we use tır / tir / tur /tür? When the word ends with one of those letter: f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p.
Examples:
- This is a book. ---> Bu bir kitaptır.
- This is a tree. ----> Bu bir ağaçtır.
- Jack is very honest. ---> Jack çok dürüsttür.
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