Undecided questions
how you say "lost" "missing" fee al'arabiya

If I checked my keys and could not find them I would say
فقدتُ مفاتيحي !
هل فقدتَ محفظتك؟
this is after checking
if i lost my keys or money etc and didnt know did I drop them
I would say
ضاعتْ نقودي ، محفظتي ، مفاتيحي الخ
the lost thing is th doer of the verb ضاعت !!.
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تهتُ ، ضللتُ طريقي أو عن طريقي
to wander, to lose one's way
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مفقود= lost , used especially with persons
some

I think the difference between فقدت and أضعت is :
فقد: I think it means to loose something without being able to do something about it, or not being responsible for it ) (mostly ) ( without being careless and neglecting)
أضاع : means to loose something due to being careless and neglecting )
تهت: means to be lost ( a person)
مفقود/ مفقودة : is " something/ someone" that is lost ( here it could be also a person )
Jeff's correction: you can use تاه also for your mind or brain.. if you say تاه عقلي it means that you strayed( with thought) now when I think about it تاه actually means stray