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In German, how to know gender of substantives?
In German language I know that there are 3 kind of Gender, masculine (der), feminine (die) and neuter (das), but how can I know or recognize gender of substantives? Is there a rule I can follow to know it? Or should I just memorize it?
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Hier gbt es leider auch keine Regel, man lernt am besten jeden Artikel mit dem Nomen zusammen.
Vielleicht kann dir diese Seite etwas helfen:
http://www.mein-deutschbuch.de/lernen.php?menu_id=52
Vielleicht kann dir diese Seite etwas helfen:
http://www.mein-deutschbuch.de/lernen.php?menu_id=52
Hello,
yes, there are some rules:
a) All nouns ending in -ung; -heit; -keit - are feminine:
die Wohnung, die Klugheit, die Ewigkeit
b) The months and seasons are masculine: der Januar /Februar..... - der Frühling /Sommer /Herbst /Winter
c) Nouns ending in -chen are diminutives. They are always neuter:
die Katze (feminine) BUT: das Kätzchen; der Baum(masculine) BUT: das Bäumchen .... This is also the reason, why it has to be: das Mädchen, because we're refering to the grammatical gender of the noun.
yes, there are some rules:
a) All nouns ending in -ung; -heit; -keit - are feminine:
die Wohnung, die Klugheit, die Ewigkeit
b) The months and seasons are masculine: der Januar /Februar..... - der Frühling /Sommer /Herbst /Winter
c) Nouns ending in -chen are diminutives. They are always neuter:
die Katze (feminine) BUT: das Kätzchen; der Baum(masculine) BUT: das Bäumchen .... This is also the reason, why it has to be: das Mädchen, because we're refering to the grammatical gender of the noun.
Some (additional) rules or guidelines (some are already mentioned above)
der (masculine)
- biogical: der Vater, der Stier
- days, month, seasons
- car types: Audi, Opel, BMW
die (female)
- bioloical: die Frau, die Kuh
- nouns ending on: - heit, -keit, -schaft, -ung (Freiheit, Freundlichkeit, Freundschaft, Umgebung)
- a profession ending on -in: Polizistin, Sekretärin)
guideline: words ending on "e" are often female. Guideline!!! no rule. Exception f.e. der Name, der Käse, der Kaffee.
das (neutrum)
- noun ending on -chen and -lein: makes it often "small" (exception: das Mädchen f.e., the girl).
der Stuhl (chair) - das Stühlchen (little chair)
- noun ending on a, o, i, y: Audo, Radio, Baby
der (masculine)
- biogical: der Vater, der Stier
- days, month, seasons
- car types: Audi, Opel, BMW
die (female)
- bioloical: die Frau, die Kuh
- nouns ending on: - heit, -keit, -schaft, -ung (Freiheit, Freundlichkeit, Freundschaft, Umgebung)
- a profession ending on -in: Polizistin, Sekretärin)
guideline: words ending on "e" are often female. Guideline!!! no rule. Exception f.e. der Name, der Käse, der Kaffee.
das (neutrum)
- noun ending on -chen and -lein: makes it often "small" (exception: das Mädchen f.e., the girl).
der Stuhl (chair) - das Stühlchen (little chair)
- noun ending on a, o, i, y: Audo, Radio, Baby
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