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what is the difference between 考试 and測試?

考试： examination; 测试： test ( in my opinion, the explanation that I made maybe very narrow and superficial-_-!)

考试: is very formal one. 测试：is informal one. ( In my opinion, again.)
In case misleading you.
For instance:
exam: I will have a examination at the end of a term.
test: I will have a test at the end of every alternate class for grading your degree.

Hope that helps, and in the two examples I didn't make some wrong grammartical mistakes.

They are almost the same thing. However, there is a little different.

考试 like a big examination. Like Final or Midterm.
测试 like quiz, test.

In China, we always use the first one, no matter the exam is big or not.
美国好像分的比较清楚，但是中国分的并不清楚。基本上都叫做考试。

:) 希望有帮助到你哦。：）

you get a degree or certificate after a 考试, you are ready for a 考试 after you have been through a lot of 测试， does that make sense to you?

Well we may inspect the differences in other directions:

1. the involving subjects:
考试 is always talking about human beings, while
测试 can be used with human, but also animals, objects or even abstract things.

2. direction of the testing action:
no matter how it is used in a sentence, the ”testees" in 考试 must "actively" do something, eg：我们去考试，老师要考试我们，学校要举行考试，外语考试。
but the subjects in 测试, they can actively do something, but most case, they are "passively“ being examined, being probed, or being inspected,

two differences

difference 1
考试 is written with Simplified symbols
while
測試 is written with Traditional symbols

difference 2
考试 - test of the knowledge
测试 - test as the inspection of the situation