'There are two types of women' is correct. 'Two types' is plural, so the verb needs to agree with this.
That said, in colloquial and spoken English, we do often use 'There's...' with a plural subject. eg 'There's lots of people in there.' Strictly speaking this is incorrect, but it is quite common. I use it myself sometimes. So if you were speaking in an informal situation, and using the contraction, you could say 'There's two types of women', and it would be acceptable. In a written or more formal situation, however, you would need to use the correct plural form.