Daniel, the common expression is this: "Don't talk back to me!"
It refers generally to a situation in which a parent or adult is criticizing something a child or youth has done, and the youth or child shows disrespectful attitude by their speech.
If, for example, an adult says to the child; "Behave!" or "Act right!" and the child says; "No!"
That is an example of the child talking "back".
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