I am trying to learn Spanish and making progress slowly so I can't say I have the answer, but...
...for me, THE most powerful vocabulary tool by far is speaking to someone in Spanish, NEEDING a word that I don't know yet, and asking IN SPANISH what the word is... describing it... and getting an answer.
"On our street, there is now beautiful fall color now in some of the trees, especially the--uh--uh--please, what is the name of the tree whose leaf is on the flag of Canada?"
"Maple."
"MAPLE! Thank you! MAPLE! MAPLE! The maple trees are beautiful right now..."
I don't think I am ever going to forget the Spanish word for "maple," "arce."