嘱咐(=叮嘱) contains a kind of emiton. 告知 doesnt.
嘱:some important talk, for example, u got sick, u meet ur doctor, and ur doctor tells u that u should drink more water. what ur doctor say is 医嘱
咐:吩咐 elder orders younger do something by talking. boss orders employee do something by talking. this talk is called 吩咐. for example, 我的老板吩咐我去出差。
叮:some bugs can 叮人. for example, 我被蚊子叮了个疙瘩。 so we use this character to express that someone tells something very very important to someone. just like bugs keep biting people and dont leave anymore.
for example, 我妈妈嘱咐我要照顾好自己。 -----------my mom care about me so she tell me that.
我的老板嘱咐我要做好我的工作。----------- because my boss care about my job, if i do it badly, the boss gonna fire me.
告知 means 告诉知道----- let someone know something.
it means 告诉 but more official.
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