Hi Jotam. You're asking two questions here.
1. Make and do. 'Significan lo mismo o no...' No! They don't mean the same thing.
'Make' means 'create' - you make something that wasn't there before:
make a pizza
make a noise
make a mess
make a fuss
make a complaint
'Do' means 'perform' or 'carry out'
do a job
do an exercise
do a test
do your homework
do football practice
You're not creating anything new when you 'do' something.
2. A veces se utiliza do or don't sin tener significado. ejemplo: I don't live here.
You're right that 'don't' doesn't carry any meaning in this sentence. In sentences like this one 'do' is an auxiliary verb, which means that it job is to help the grammar work. It has no meaning, but it has an important function. It helps you to ask questions and form negatives in the simple present and simple past tenses.
Do you speak Japanese? No, I don't speak it.
Did you go to school yesterday? No, I didn't go to school.
Does that help?