It is perfectly good grammar and easy to understand. As a matter of prose style, people might have different opinions about whether or not it is the best style.
I don't quite understand the sentence as written and think there may be some other problems with it--I'd like to know the context. Without going into that, I would say that the sentence as you have written it is perfectly correct, but that personally i would probably choose to shorten it to:
"The eventual fates can be predicted by tracing of the lineage, which is the crucial foundation and of the highest scientific importance."
Again I don't understand the sentence but I wonder if the first part shouldn't be "Their eventual fate can be predicted by tracing their lineage..."