I think you are talking about reported speech, like in a newspaper? If so....
Normally we talk about subjects doing something to an object.
For example: "The goalie kicked the ball into the stands." Goalie is the subject and he kicked the object (the ball).
When using reported speech we talk about things being done/happening to the object. We would change the example above to this:
The ball was kicked into the stands by the goalie.
The subject and object switch places
We still use verb 2
We need to include was/were before the verb.