The verbs "to accrue" and "to accumulate" are different verbs, but with only slightly different meanings. They both mean to collect.
'Accrue' is mostly used when talking about money, interest, etc., such as in your example with: "With interest accrued over the past 40 years." This means that if this person had put away money over the last 40 years, she could have collected interest on it (to ACCRUE the interest) and therefore have ACCUMULATED enough money to have a nice retirement.
Essentially they are very similar words, but 'accrued' is used mostly when talking about financial matters, whereas 'accumulate' is much more common in everyday speech.