Well all these sentencies are cliches, we are going to look them
The correct expression is "Darse la mano" without "de amigo": when two or more people are angry witth each other, their friend yo make the peace between them say this expression. To show your hand open for shaking It's a friendship sign
Triunfar sentimientos, well usually in Spanish we say that "Triunfó el amor" when previously we have tell a story of drama between a couple that want to be together and there are very obstacles that they have to overcome for get togethee, when finnally they get it on say that their Love "win" ok? That can use too for patient, rage, an all feelings
Conseguir levantarse: that can translate almost literally as get up and can be used for someone who has fallen to a lot of damage but still stands , also used when someone is psychologically ill to indicate that he has improved or cured
I hope that help you, have fun