You already got an amazing answer from Kazumi-san. However, since you seem to ask a lot of high-level questions, might I suggest writing some of them in Japanese? From my experience using italki, you tend to get more and, more often than not, easier to understand answers.
If you write your questions in English it seems like you want an explanation in English so very few Japanese native speakers will be able to help you. It also causes misunderstandings for English speakers who know some Japanese like Jace and just wanted to help. (外国人でも日本語の文法分からなくてぺらぺらしゃべれないというわけではないでしょう)