1.
The pronuncation of 의 after a noun is 의 itself.
But, for easy speech, 의 is allowed to pronounce as "에"
비행기 위의 is pronounced as [비행기 위의]
비행기 위의 is allowed to pronounce as [비행기 위에]
But, in othor case,
의사를 만났다. is pronounced as [의사를 만났다]
의사를 만났다. is not allowed to pronounce as [에사를 만났다]
2.
It is due to the lack of adjective word.
There is no adjective word for pink. Only exists a noun.
3.
들 is rarely used with nouns denoting inanimate objects. It is more often used with nouns denoting animate objects (people and animals), but then only when it is semantically necessary to make a distinction between singular and plural, or to emphasize plurality.
Also, 두 means plural, 두 눈들 is unnatural.