I live in America, and yes, we do use "roommates" that way. I don't know why. It may simply be because in America it's very rare to actually share a single room with another person, except in a college dormitory. (Children often share rooms with their brothers or sisters, but we don't call children "roommates." We just say they share a room.)
I share a house with several family members, and I usually call them my "housemates," because I feel like "roommate" implies that we're merely living together temporarily for convenience, rather than because we all share the house equally. If we all lived in an apartment, though, I would probably say we were "roommates," because I don't think of an apartment as a "house." (The UK term "flatmates" makes the most sense, but unfortunately we don't use the word "flat" in the US.)