Hi Marina,

When you "read" a book, you are looking at the text with your eyes and comprehending it. You can read "silently" or read "to yourself": It is an interaction only between you and the contents of the book. When you "read out" a statement before a judge, you are looking at the words and pronouncing them for an audience to hear.

You can "type" a text message on my smartphone and send it to a friend, but when you take a piece of information and make it presentable to others by typing, you are trying to "type it out".

When you "sort" some pieces of information or an assortment of items you have gathered, you classify them into various groups according to their similarities or differences. However, when you "sort out" a mess, you get rid of items you no longer need and re-arrange those you am keeping tidily. You can also "sort out" a problem by resolving some disagreement between two parties. Lastly, you can "sort something out" by arranging for something to happen. 

As you can see, the verb forms and phrasal verb forms can convey different meanings.

Hope this helps.
Cheers, 
Lance

sort (something) out — phrasal verb meaning to deal successfully with a problem, a situation, or a person who is having difficulties: "We've sorted out the computer system's problems."

sort — verb meaning to to arrange according to sort, kind, or class; separate into sorts; classify: "to sort socks; to sort eggs by grade."

read out (also read out loud) — phrasal verb meaning to read something (and speak the words) to someone:  "The judge read out the verdict."

type out or type up — phrasal verbs meaning to use a computer or a typewriter to make a copy of something in writing:  "Did you type up the minutes of yesterday’s meeting?"