Verbs or adjectives in Korean always end with - 다, and we call them the dictionary form which is also the base form.
The verb "다치다" can be "to be/get hurt or injured".
On the other hand "아프다" is an adjective meaning "to feel pain or sick".
For example,
If you get hurt, you will feel pain
= 만약 당신이 다치면 당신은 아플 것이다(literally)
Also Korean adjectives can be a predicate without be-verb.^^/
Here are some other verbs or adjectives.
Verbs,
먹다 = to eat
보다 = to see
읽다 = to read
하다 = to do
공부하다 = to study
배우다 = to learn
Adjectives,
예쁘다 = to be beautiful
(Adjectives in English always need be-verb to be a predicate in a sentence)
춥다 = to be cold
덥다 = to be hot
\^o^/