1 - "I am very blessed":
When you say someone is 'blessed', means that some divine power gives you blessings and because of that you're fortunate because of that extra power.
2 - "I am very luck":
When you say someone is 'lucky', means that things happen in favor that person without any reason.
In my point of view the first sentence 'I am very blessed' gives a more religious idea, therefore, I think this to be more formal than the second one.