Bin is used as a generalised term in the UK for containers that you can put rubbish in, both inside and outside the house. There are different types of bin, a waste paper basket being one such example that you can use indoors.

I've heard "dustbin" from Britsh friends, but it is never used in the U.S. Put it in the trash/in the trash can/in the waste paper basket in that order of frequency would be used inside the house for non-food products. Food goes in the garbage or the garbage can whether it's inside or out.

I would use a wastepaper basket inside the house and for paper products whereas the rubbish or garbage or trash from say the kitchen would go in the bin as opposed to the wastepaper basket and all of the rubbish from both would be put outside in the dustbin or nowadays, the wheelie bin. (UK)

in America inside and outside it can be called a trash can or garbage can. A wastepaper basket is a more specific term . Usually we use trash/garbage can (sometimes we dont say " can" either)