Hola Mr Rogers,
NOT:
is an adverb that negates a sentence, phrase, verb or any word.
Examples:
Negating a verb ( here verb "to go")
"He will go"
"He will not go"
Negating an adjective ( here 'correct')
" It is not correct"
Negating a phrase
"It is not what you think "
DON'T:
'Don't' is a contraction of ' do not'
A contraction is a shortening of a word marked in English usually by an apostrophe " ' " as in "don't".
Do Not
Do = verb to 'do'
not = as mentioned before it negates the verb.
I do not know = I don't know.
You can use this contraction ,whenever you want to negate the verb "to do" ,instead of saying "do not" , nowadays often or almost always " don't" is used .
** Notice:
If you use verb ( to do) with the 3rd singular pronoun ( he/she/it) you say:
He does not
The contraction will be "doesn't"
He doesn't