Latin has declensions in the nouns; vita (as a subject) vitae (genitive: of life) vitae (dative: towards life) vitam (accusative: life, as the object of a verb) vita (ablative, by means of life) vita (vocative, invocation towards life) Usually 'vitae' is after curriculum (sing.) or curricula (plural) with the meaning of genitive case (of life).

vitae = of your life

In the US it is the short form of "Curriculum Vitae", which is a document similar to a job resume. Usually a university professor has a curriculum vitae that lists all of his work and professional experiences and includes things like conference presentations, journal and book publications, and research work. There is a detailed explanation here: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/641/01/

Vita brevis, ars longa (in Latin)

yes. it's latin means life CV = curriculum vitae means a short account of your life