Indian English vowels are fuller, steadier and closer to the spelling than American vowels. This episode maps them so your ear can match words quickly. What you will learn: • No swallowed "uh": about, banana, today, police, doctor, teacher • Steady vowels instead of glides: day, late, train; go, home, road • Vowel pairs that may sound closer: cot/caught, bad/bed, full/fool, ship/sheep • How the pronounced R colours the vowel: bird, word, turn • Extra vowels at the edges of words: ischool, istation, bus-u, fil-um • Practice sentences and five listening strategies • Self-check questions Level: B1–B2. Self-study: listen, then take the quizzes. Audio voiced with AI from an original script by Dr. Rashmi R Nair.