Some questions about the pronunciation of Arabic.
1:Is the "naa" sound in "anaa" actually a short "na"? and so are the "naa" in "hunaa" and the "naa" as a personal suffix?
2:Does the round "taa"( ة ) influence a word's accent? I heard someone say "fataatun" with the accent on the second syllable but "sharikatun" with the accent on the first syllable.
3:Is هذه's "ha" a long "haa"? and is the accent on the first syllable?
Is هذا's "ha" a long "haa"? and is the ذا a real long "dhaa" ?or should I shorten it?
4: In أهلاوسهلا and شكرا ,can the final "-an" be omitted?
5:Sometimes ,I hear some people pronounce نجوى or فدوى with the وى sound shortened,is that true?Or did I just mishear it?

Question

Answer

1) The "naa" in the words you have mentioned consists of a long vowel (which explains why it is double a) - أنا، هُنا and the suffix ـنا - notice the alif at the end, which stands for a long vowel.
2) No, the accent/stress is not influenced by the ة. 
3) Yes, it is originally written هاذه but semantics opt for omitting the alif for an "aesthetically better" spelling + هذا has two long vowels as you said.
4) You can say أهلا وسهلا without nunation (tanween ً) in dialects, but the nunation is retained in MSA. As for شكرًا, the nunation remains regardless. 
5) It is up to them if they shorten it, which is usually done colloquially, but does not change the fact that it is a long vowel.

I hope this helps!

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