At first it seems that you used the opposite words simultaneously. 들어가다 mean to come in or enter, to start. 나가다 means go out or to be off. I think you want to say 듣고 나갔다. or 들어 보았다. I mean you chose a wrong word for your sentence. But your sentence does sound good to me though.
I think I need to study Korean more, even though I am native Korean.
However, it should be
not 집에 돌아와서 친구가 좋다고 한 음악을 들어 나갔다
but 집에 돌아와서 친구가 좋다고 한 음악을 들어 보았다.
I googled and found the questions you ask, every time I read the sentence, I feel the sentence right.
It means, you friend told you good musics and you went home, you started to listen to the music one by one.
I don't know whether I am confused but anybody can explain it for me too?
"집에 돌아와서 친구가 좋다고 한 음악을 들어 나갔다"
친구가 음악을 좋다고 추천해 주었고, 집에 돌아와서 하나씩 들어 보는 것을 '들어 나갔다' 라고 하는 거 맞지요?
사투리 표현일까요?
저는 자연스럽게 들리는데 잘 모르겠군요.