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질문이 있어요! 1) When I first stated learning korean, we were told that to join two sentences, you use '고' and that you only conjugate the second verb. For example: 밥을 먹어요. 술을 마셔요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마셔요. 밥을 먹었어요. 술을 마셨어요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마셨어요. 밥을 먹을 거예요. 술을 마실 거예요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마실 거예요. But lately, I've been seeing sentences like : "대학에서 경영학을 전공했고 회사에 다닌 지 1년쯤 됐어요." "유키 씨는 한국에 온 지 1년 반쯤 됐고 한국어를 배운 지는 1년쯤 됐어요." I don't understand why it's '했고' and not '하고', or why it's '됐고' and not '되고' When can you use the past tense? Since like I said, up to then, we were always told to conjugate only the second verb, not the first one too. So I don't understand why in this sentence they use the past. What is the difference? What are the rules to using the past? 2) Why is '한테' used in this next sentence: "유키 씨한테는 한국 남자 친구가 있는데 내년에 결혼할 거라고 했어요." Why isn't it just '유키 씨는'? 3) I don't understand the use of '까지' in this dialogue: A: 몇 시까지 갈까요? B: 늦어도 다섯 시까지 오세요. Why use '까지'? Why not '에'? Or are they saying that he can come up to a certain time? In which case, why don't they use '정도'? 4) What is this word : 종로? 감사합니다!I forgot to add: What is the counter for '문장'? "When you want to write two sentences as one sentence...." => "문장 두 개 한 문장으로 쓸 때,,,,," 맞아요? And finally, how do you use ordinal numerals? First, second, third, etc. For example, how do I say "You only conjugate the verb in the second sentence." "두 번째 문장에 있는 동사만 활용해요." 맞아요? How about saying something like, "I've gone to Korea many times. The last two times I went....." "한국에 많이 가 봤어요. 마지막 두 번째 한국에 갔을 때....."? 맞아요?
2010年7月14日 17:53
回答 · 4
1) "대학에서 경영학을 전공하고 회사에 다닌 지 1년쯤 됐어요" will be understood in the context. I think I'd say "대학에서 경영학을 전공하고 회사에 다닌 지**는** 1년쯤 됐어요.", but you can go with either of them. You could use 되고 in the second sentence - it's simply a matter of being stylistic, we aren't that strict about the past tense. - When can you use the past tense? ⇒ When we want to be specific or a bit formal. :) 2) 한테 implies something or someone belongs to the subject, 은/는 just implies 'as opposed to others' or 'talking of someone or something among others'. That's how they come across, they mean the same but give the different nuance. 3), 4) Answered above. :) When you want to write two sentences as one sentence 두 문장을 한 문장으로 쓸 때 or 두 문장을 하나로 합칠 때 As for 'the last two times I went...", I'd say 마지막으로 갔을 때랑 그 전에 갔을 때(the last time when I went there and the previous time...) or 제일 최근에 갔을 때랑 그 전에 갔을 때(the lastest time I went there and the previous time...) in daily conversation. 방문 is a very formal word. Hope it helps!
2010年7月16日
1) there are subtle diffrence, 밥을 먹어요. 술을 마셔요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마셔요. '밥을 먹어요' and '술을 마셔요' are same tense but "대학에서 경영학을 전공했고 회사에 다닌 지 1년쯤 됐어요." are different tense he studied a business administration and he's entered the company about 1 year.. means.. he already graduate the university... but if you say "대학에서 경영학을 전공하고, 회사에 다닌지 1년쯤 됐어요.." "he has studied a business administrator and entered the company about 1 year" that means he is a student and also a salaryman (_i'm not good at english, so i'm afraid that i translate correctly =,=; ) "유키 씨는 한국에 온 지 1년 반쯤 됐고 한국어를 배운 지는 1년쯤 됐어요." 유키 has come to korea for half and a year and 유키 has learned korean for a year can you see the diffrence? these events aren't happened same time.. but you can use "유키씨는 한국에 온지 1년 반쯤 되고, 한국어를 배운지는 1년쯤 됐어요."also i can't see any problem.. 2) both are OK and also you can say '유키씨 한테는' and also '유키씨 에게는" "유키씨는" this one is the one of the hardest part to korean people when they learn english In english you can't say "i'll buy to you a car" but In korean you can say "i'll buy to you a car" A little bit complicated? KOREAN is difficult for me ^^ 3) "다섯시 까지 갈께요" i'll be there at least 5 o'clock "다섯시에 갈께요" i'll be there at 5 o'clock "다섯시 쯤 갈께요" i'll be there around 5 o'clock 4) 종로 " is a name of the street in seoul... very crowed place.. ^^ addition : "When you want to write two sentences as one sentence ==> 두개의 문장을 하나의 문장으로 쓰고자 할때. "You only conjugate the verb in the second sentence." "두 번째 문장에 있는 동사만 활용해요." 맞아요? 맞아요 ^^ "I've gone to Korea many times. The last two times I went....." 한국에 많이 가봤어요, 마지막 두번의 방문에서는 , is correct let's guess you visited korea 5 times.. "마지막 두번의 방문" is 4th and 5th "마지막 두번째 방문" is only 4 th.. is it clear? it's really hard for me to explain in english.. =,=;; i hope that i didn't make a mistake to traselate
2010年7月16日
1) i think it's all about tenses. '~고' is used to link more than two sentences, you can make sentences past forms, but here is thing. just suppose we have a sentence like 'A 고 B'. if A and B happen at the same time or B happens after A in a short time, it will be enough to make the sentence B a past form. however, each event A and B happened with a long period time, both of the sentences A and B must be past forms. 2) '~한테는' is just an emphasis on 'a person who have sth' in your sentence. 3) '까지' can mean 'by' in English. as for '에', it means 'on time' let's see some examples of its usage. you should get there by 5 pm - 5시 까지는 거기에 도착해야되. you should get there at 5 pm sharp - 5시에 거기에 도착해야되. 4) 종로 is a name of places. 5) '문장 두개를 한문장으로 쓸때' is correct, you missed the object marker '을/를'. 6)"두 번째 문장에 있는 동사만 활용해요." 맞아요? yes, correct. FYI, ordinal numering goes like 첫번째, 두번째, 세번째, 네번째, 다섯번째, 여섯번째..etc. 7)"한국에 많이 가 봤어요. 마지막 두 번째 한국에 갔을 때....."? 맞아요? yes, flawlessly correct.
2010年7月15日
밥을 먹어요. 술을 마셔요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마셔요. 밥을 먹었어요. 술을 마셨어요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마셨어요. 밥을 먹을 거예요. 술을 마실 거예요. => 밥을 먹고 술을 마실 거예요. The actions are focusing on the process of time, that is they show the first action happens then, the next one follows it right after. we know the second action happen when the first one's happend "대학에서 경영학을 전공했고 회사에 다닌 지 1년쯤 됐어요." "유키 씨는 한국에 온 지 1년 반쯤 됐고 한국어를 배운 지는 1년쯤 됐어요." In these sentences above, they concentrate on showing the actions completed, when they happend is not matter. so you can change the order of the sentences.. still make sense.. 회사에 다닌 지 1년쯤 됐고 대학에서 경영학을 전공했어요. 한국어를 배운지는 1년쯤 됐고 한국에 온 지 1년 반쯤 됐어요. It's like the difference between present perfect and present simple in English "유키 씨한테는 한국 남자 친구가 있는데 내년에 결혼할 거라고 했어요." Yeah you can also say 유키 씨는. 한테 is more informal form of 에게 used a lot in spoken Korean. It shows things or actions belong to subject> 유키 씨한테/에게 한국 남자 친구가 있다. 3) I don't understand the use of '까지' in this dialogue: A: 몇 시까지 갈까요? B: 늦어도 다섯 시까지 오세요. Why use '까지'? Why not '에'? Or are they saying that he can come up to a certain time? In which case, why don't they use '정도'? 까지 means by or until. In the case it means by you can use 에 as well 까지 implies you should be there in time. it's ok to come earlier but not late. 에 implies you should be on time, at the exact time arranged. not early or late. 정도 means around,about so that you can come there near the time arranged, it's acceptable a little late or early. 4) What is this word : 종로? is the name of a part of Seoul, very popular place :P I forgot to add: What is the counter for '문장'? "When you want to write two sentences as one sentence...." => "두 문장을 한 문장으로 쓸 때,,,,," And finally, how do you use ordinal numerals? First, second, third, etc. For example, how do I say "You only conjugate the verb in the second sentence." "두 번째 문장에 있는 동사만 활용해요." 맞아요? correct~ "한국에 많이 가 봤어요. 마지막으로 두 번 한국에 갔을 때....."? 두 번+째: the second 두 번: two times
2010年7月15日
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