Dominance is when someone or something is naturally in charge or more powerful. It describes a position of being strong or important. Example: “The lion’s dominance in the jungle makes it the king of animals.” (The lion is naturally the strongest.) Domination is when someone or something actively controls or forces others to do what they want. It’s about taking power or control. Example: “The king’s domination of the land made people afraid.” (The king forced people to obey him.) So the key difference is: Dominance is about being powerful. Domination is about using power to control others.

If people prefer X over Y, that relationship would be "dominance": X has dominance. If X forcefully controls or overshadows Y, that relationship would be "domination". The ideas may overlap. Think, for example, of ... "a dominant author" ...an author who sells more books than other authors The author has dominance because people prefer his books, not because he has forceful control over them or the other authors. "a dominant dialect" ..a dialect of a language has dominance if it is favored over other dialects by the population ..however, if people are forbidden or strongly encouraged not to use other dialects, that would be domination. "domination by a monopolist" If one company produces all the computers with no competition, that would be "domination". "dominance of a favored producer" If one company's computers are more popular than others, that would be "dominance".

Domination is more absolute than dominance.

Dominance: The state of having power or influence. (Neutral tone) Domination: The act of exerting control, often forcefully. (Stronger, negative tone)

There's only a slight grammatical difference. Nothing to worry much about. They have practically the same meaning. Technically, dominance is a state / condition that you can possess or achieve; while domination is a behaviour that you can effect / actualise. But this is just picky semantics. It isn't worth thinking about too much. Many sentences mean the same thing with either word, but some sound better with one of these words. Very rarely does one word sound fine while the other is strictly incorrect. You'll generally be forgiven for using the less appropriate word, except in strict formal situations.