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Erik
How do I know when to use the preterite or the imperfect in Spanish?
It is hard for me to decide when I need to use the preterite, like yo hablé, or the imperfect, like yo hablaba
2013년 2월 11일 오전 1:08
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2
Usamos el imperfecto cuando comparamos dos situaciones en el pasado o usamos una acción pasada como base para hablar de otra acción también en el pasado, en ese mismo período de tiempo. Ejemplo: Cuando era joven hacía mucho ejercicio. Tanto el verbo ser como el verbo hacer están en imperfecto. Si quisiera expresar la misma idea usando pasado simple, diría, Algún día fui joven e hice mucho ejercicio. Sin embargo en esta segunda oración ambas ideas podrían ser expresadas independientemente y serían ideas completas. Hablar de una rutina pasada, ejemplo En ese tiempo hacía ejercicio también nos lleva a una referencia, si hablamos por ejemplo de una persona, tenía el pelo largo, estamos refiriendo la condición en que se encontraba una persona en el pasado, o la forma en la que la recordamos. El pretérito simple es un pasado donde no se esta tomando un punto de comparación. Saludos
2013년 2월 11일
1
"Yo hablé" is used when an action started and finished in the past, like
"I called you this morning, but you did't pick up the phone"
Te llamé esta mañana, pero no contestaste
Yesterday I ran into him on the street.
Ayer lo encontré en la calle. (it happened once)
.........
"Yo hablaba" is used when the action lasted for a period of time, it is repeated or a habit, like
She seemed to be nice, but she talked too much. (during dinner, for example)
Ella parecía ser agradable, pero hablaba mucho
She didn't talk to me when we were studying Highschool
Ella no me hablaba cuando estábamos en preparatoria (it lasted years)
The next ones are a little bit harder to explain because the translation doesn't match exaclty and there are two ways to say the same thing in spanish. The first one is literal
I used to call her every day.
Solía llamarle todos los días
The second one is the same in english, it´s written differently in spanish, but it means the same:
I used to call her every day
Yo le llamaba todos los días
When I was a kid I used to enjoy our trips to the beach
Cuando era niño solía disfrutar nuestros viajes a la playa
Cuando era niño disfrutaba nuestros viajes a la playa (them both mean the same)
More examples:
We used to eat dinner at the same restaurant every once a week.
Nosotros solíamos comer en el mismo restaurante una vez a la semana
Nosotros comíamos en el mismo restaurante una vez a la semana (repetition or habit)
Yesterday we ate at the same restaurant
Ayer comimos en el mismo restaurante
.....
One way to know the difference is by words like always, often, everyday, etc. you have to use "hablaba" with those words.
And with words like yesterday, last night, last week, etc. you have to use "hablé"
I hope I made my self clear :)
2013년 2월 11일
Preterite is the simple past; if it happened, and is now over with, use the preterite. For any simple action that was completed use the preterite, also.
If you are describing the past, and how things happened.... use the imperfect. The wedding guests were drunk by the time the newlyweds cut the cake. Los huespedes de la bod a estaban ebrios antes de que los novios partieron la torts. Ayer era un dia hermoso, sin nubes en el cielo. Yesterday was a beatuiful day without a cloud in the sky.
2013년 2월 11일
아직도 답을 찾지 못하셨나요?
질문을 남겨보세요. 원어민이 도움을 줄 수 있을 거예요!
Erik
언어 구사 능력
중국어(북경어), 영어, 스페인어
학습 언어
중국어(북경어), 스페인어
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