Yes/no questions in Germanic languages, like English, are typically asked by swapping the positions of the subject and verb. Ex: You are here. => Are you here? You are studying English. => Are you studying English? You will come here. => Will you come here? You can speak English. => Can you speak English? In English, there is one complication: in other Germanic languages, this can be done with every single verb. In English, this rule only applies to a small number of verbs called 'auxiliary verbs'. To ask yes/no questions with other verbs, you just need to add the auxiliary verb 'do'. I'm sure you know that most of the time 'do' is omitted, and is only added for emphasis (ex. You go = You do go). Since 'do' is an auxiliary verb, you can use it to ask questions. Once you've added 'do', the same rules apply. Ex: You (do) go. => Do you go? ("Go you?" is incorrect because 'go' is not an auxiliary verb) You (do) see it. => Do you see it? ("See you it?" is incorrect because 'go' is not an auxiliary verb) You (do) go to school everyday? => Do you go to school everyday?

I added some extra information as comments underneath my answer. I know you wouldn't have gotten notifications for those, so I'm quickly telling you here.

You can't use "do" along with an "ing" verb like this. So, "Are you studying English?" is fine if you want to know what somebody is studying. You could use this generally, if you wanted to know what someone's major is, or specificically, if you want to know what it is they are studying right now. But "Do you studying English?" is incorrect. You'd have to change it to "Do you study English?" This would be a way of asking somebody what one of the things they study is.

To begin with your second question is incorrect. It should be do you study English? The difference is the verb tense that you are using. if you use a simple present: habits, you use do, does in interrogative sentences if you use continuous present you need are , is, am . It is pure grammar

"Do you studying English?" is incorrect. The basic phrases are, "Are you studying English?" "Do you study English?"