The third sentence is the only one that makes sense. It is still ambiguous though. If I asked someone: "what is your goal?" And they respond with: "Are you asking about my academic goal, or professional goal?" I would most likely say: "What do you mean by academic goal, and what do you mean by professional goal?" I think the easiest way to rewrite it is: "Are you asking about my goal as a student, as a teacher, or as a professional?"

Its difficult to say since I'm not sure what is the context: These 2 make sense: Are you asking about my educational goal or my goal as a professional in education? Are you asking about my academic goal, or professional goal? The first asks about your goals in academia (achievements in your studies e.g. masters degree, first class honors) vs your goal as a education professional (teacher, lecturer, professor). The second asks about your goals in academia vs goals in your working life (lawyer, start your own business, doctor).