박희섭(Heesob Park)
What it the meaning of "sehn" ? What it the meaning of "sehn" in the following sentence? An einem Tag habe ich die Sonne dreiundvierzigmal untergehen sehn! Why "sehn" is used instead of "gesehen"?
2016년 4월 12일 오후 2:50
답변 · 4
1) It's really "sehen" in that construction, not "gesehen". That's called "Ersatzinfinitiv", see for example: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ersatzinfinitiv http://www.canoo.net/services/OnlineGrammar/Wort/Verb/Finit-Infinit/Part2.html#Anchor-Ersatzinfinitiv-35882 2) In spoken German the second "e" often isn't pronounced, that's what's reflected by "sehn" (or more accurately "seh'n") instead of "sehen".
2016년 4월 12일
Note that this is also happens for some non-modals, though, such as "sehen" in this example.
2016년 4월 13일
Double Infinitive: When modals are used in the present perfect tense with a dependent infinitive, the past participle is not used. The infinitive of the modal acts as the past participle. Logically, I had to go home would be translated as ich habe nach Hause gehen gemußt. However, it is actually Ich habe nach Hause gehen müssen. When there is no other infinitive in the sentence, then the past participles of the modals are used. I had to would be translated as Ich habe gemußt.
2016년 4월 13일
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