The meaning behind this idiom is vulgar, and often isn't explained. Indeed, it is hard to explain politely. In elementary school, in the United States, when a student asks to leave the classroom to go to the bathroom, the teacher may want to know how long the student will be gone. There are two reasons to go to the bathroom. In the old days, the student would raise his hand with either one finger or two, to indicate the reason. (This custom had already died out when I was in elementary school, but I think it was still customary in the 1930s). Thus, in US English, "number one" and "number two" can be euphemisms for the two reasons to use the bathroom. In the phrase, "to do a number on," "a number" is a humorous way of "number one or number two." If I'm not clear enough, you can find straightforward definitions of "number one" and "number two" in the Cambridge Dictionary https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/ And that is all I am going to say.

The online Collins dictionary is an excellent, free resource. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/do-a-number-on do a number on (in American English) US Slang to abuse or mistreat in some way, as by injuring, disparaging, cheating, or humiliating

to deceive / to trick. It is heard sometimes.

It means to hurt or to embarrass somebody. As far as I am aware, it isn’t a very common expression . I hope it helps, :)

Essentially, it means to do something mean to someone usually in retribution. Yes, it is fairly common.