For a bit of context ...
“Then along comes another wave. It sees the first wave, looking grim, and it says to him, ‘Why do you look so sad?’ “
“The first wave says, ‘You don’t understand! We’re all going to crash! All of us waves are going to be nothing! Isn’t it terrible?’ “
“The second wave says, ‘No, you don’t understand. You’re not a wave, you’re part of the ocean.’”
"All of us" is correct. Your other choices are incorrect. ''us' is being used as a determiner here. I don't think it's standard, but it's not uncommon and sounds natural to me.
A similar example is, "All of us students are partying tonight". You could never say "All of we students ...". You would be understood, but it sounds bad. And the other option you mentioned ('All of our') just wouldn't make sense.
It's one of those usages that will be unnatural to some and natural to others .... depends what part of the English speaking world you come from. In Australia it's natural and fairly common.