it is a way to change "verbs" to "noun" form.
here is example conversation.
A : 그 영화 봤어? have you seen the movie?
B : 나 봤어 Yes, I have.
C: 나도 봤음 , me,too ( usually, 나도 봤어. but C changes 봤어 to 봤음 )
I did homework 숙제를 했어요. - 숙제 했음
she took a shower. 그녀는 샤워를 했어요(했습니다) - 그녀는 샤워했음
he played a game 그는 게임 했어요(했습니다) - 그는 샤워했음
it is kinda abbreviation ~ 했습니다(했어요)
in my case, 했습니다. 했어요 are too long to write, when i listen to lecture.
공부했음
밥 먹었음
잠잤음
kind of note taking for lecture.
But in these day , many people use ~했음 in conversation. because of the culture of chatting and texting. it is a simple way to say and write.
I hope I explain it well.
Good luck to study in korean
ps. I heard ~했음 form a 9 year old girl today. XD