The grammar of English English textbooks say that the grammar of the following two sentences are right; 1, There is a sleeping boy. 2, There is a boy sleeping in the bed. They also say that the following two are wrong; 3, There is a boy sleeping. 4, There is a sleeping boy in the bed. I couldn't tell a difference between them. The latter two sentences sound strange? or don't make sense? ...or no problem?

Does this sentence sound strange? Hello, I'm Japanese student and learning English. In a class, I was assigned to translate a sentence in a paper into English. I gave it a try, but I couldn't confirm whether it is right or not. Would somebody judge following sentence please? ************** The cause of the observed low strength is attributable to sulfur contained in the alloy at 0.001%. ************** In this sentence, I want to express these points. 1. Sulfur is 0.001% of the alloy. 2. Sulfur caused the alloy to decrease its strength. I hope to get your corrections or better expressions(of course, for the whole sentence too if possible). Thank you so much for your read.

What is "shmevidence"? Hello. I’m Japanese student. I’m learning English, and I like to watch movies so I often watch movies in English with subtitles. When I was watching “Despicable Me 2”, its hero Gru said “evidence shmevidence”. I didn’t know the word “shmevidence”, so I looked into it in dictionary but I couldn’t find it. What does this word mean? It’s a kind of English slang? Or I guess “shm-” might have specific meanings. I’m glad if anybody could tell me about this. Thank you.