I've had several Russia people ask me this question in English, and it doesn't seem like it means the same thing in English as in Russian.

How do you feel? in English typically is asking about your physical wellness at that moment.

How do you feel, Tom?  You don't look so good.

I feel like I am going to throw up.

I feel really weak.

It can also be asking about your thoughts on a certain matter:

We've decided to expel you from school.  How do you feel about that?

I think that you intend to ask something like How are you doing? or How are things going for you?

To sum1.new4u

Thank you for your corrections :)) I didn't know the difference... Thanks 

@mobina:

I think there's a slight difference between "how do you feel?" vs. "what do you feel?".

What you said is more like "what do you feel?" in Persian. I think "how do you feel?" should be translated more like "حالت چطور هست؟"

In italian we can say:

-Come va? Literally "how is it going?" How is life in general, it is used as an informal starter for conversations after the greetings, but can also be used as question to ask about health, feeling etc if the two speakers know well each other and their life situations.

-Come ti va? Literally "how is it going to you?"It's used in general, but also when you ask someone about life, job and so on...

-Come ti senti? Literally "how do you feel?" can be asked bot for health, when someone feel sick, or to investigate about someone's feelings.

-Come stai? It's like "how are you?"  Con be both a general question or a question about health.