Well, that’s more a question for the question board isn’t it? But, it’s really simple. Breaking a sweat is just sweating due to physical activity, like sawing a piece of wood in two. But, if you add „on the floor“, the only thing that comes to mind is the dance floor. So, if you said „he broke a sweat on the floor“ I can only assume it would refer to dancing on a dance floor. And, although I would consider it an odd sounding phrase, I would say it would probably only be used in the negative.  Hence, „He was in such good shape, he didn’t even break a sweat on the (dance) floor.“ Outside of that context, I‘ve never heard the phrase used with regards to any other kind of floor. 

I was going to say "on the floor" was referring to basketball, but the song is definitely about the dance floor

"To break a sweat" literally means "to start sweating", but it's used to mean "to work/do something hard".  My guess is that "to break a sweat on the floor" means to dance (on the dance floor) enthusiastically. The word "floor" might also mean "factory floor" which means "factory work area". 

Thanks @Shl you helped me very well , I'm grateful